The journal Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics has a long history dated from 1970 when it was founded at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv by the prominent mathematicians of world-wide recognition Anatoliy Skorokhod and Mykhailo Yadrenko. The journal was published as the Ukrainian journal at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv followed by its republishing in English by American Mathematical Society as a cover to cover translation.

For its establishment firstly as a leading journal on probability and statistics in Ukraine with its further promotion to international level, the journal owes to the pleiad of Ukrainian mathematicians. The Founding Editor and Editor-in-Chief for 1970-2011 was academician of NAS of Ukraine Professor A.V. Skorokhod (1930-2011), Editor-in-Chief for 2011-2020 was academician of NAS of Ukraine Professor V.S. Korolyuk (1925-2020), Deputy Editor-in-Chief for 1970-2004 was corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine Professor M.I. Yadrenko (1932-2004), Deputy Editor-in-Chief for 2005-2020 was Professor Yu.V. Kozachenko (1940-2020). These outstanding mathematicians and wonderful personalities were inseparably connected with all the history of the journal and contributed to the journal promotion and development.

Starting with Issue 102, 2020, the journal Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics is published jointly by Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and American Mathematical Society as the original journal in English.